{"id":6072,"date":"2025-10-28T09:36:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:36:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/?p=6072"},"modified":"2025-10-28T09:50:56","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:50:56","slug":"cjfst-2025-17-2-06","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/2025\/10\/28\/cjfst-2025-17-2-06\/","title":{"rendered":"CJFST.2025.17.2.06"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Lemon essential oil: molecular docking analysis and investigation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities<\/strong><\/h1>\n

\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4207-1742\"Vesna Antunovi\u01071*<\/sup>,\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3648-0527\"\u017deljka Marjanovi\u0107 Balaban2<\/sup>,\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6039-5978\"Aleksandra \u0160mitran3<\/sup>, \"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9657-3150\"\u017darko Gagi\u01071<\/sup>, \"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5781-6412\"Neboj\u0161a Kladar4<\/sup>, \"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1118-4565\"Vesna Gojkovi\u0107 Cvjetkovi\u01075<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1<\/sup><\/em>University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovi\u0107a 1A, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
\n<\/em>2<\/sup><\/em>University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Forestry, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovi\u0107a 1A, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
\n<\/em>3<\/sup><\/em>University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
\n<\/em>4<\/sup><\/em>University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
\n<\/em>5<\/sup><\/em>University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Technology, Department of Food Technology, Karakaj 34A, 75400 Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
ARTICLE INFO<\/strong><\/td>\nABSTRACT<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
TYPE: <\/strong>Original scientific paper<\/em>
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.17508\/CJFST.2025.17.2.06<\/a>
\nPDF<\/strong><\/a><\/td>\n		Lemon essential oil is widely used in both commercial and domestic products. It consists of a mixture of volatile, liposoluble compounds responsible for its characteristic fragrance and bioactive properties, including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The importance of lemon essential oil is even more significant when considering the increasing interest in natural products that promote human health. In this study, domestically grown lemons were used. The essential oil was extracted from the peel using the hydrodistillation method, an environmentally friendly process. The composition of the resulting essential oil was analysed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis revealed that d<\/em>-limonene, \u03b2<\/em>-pinene, and \u03b3<\/em>-terpinene are the predominant components found in lemon essential oil. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was tested and found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus<\/em>. Molecular docking analysis revealed that all three principal compounds were able to bind to the DNA gyrase enzyme, with d<\/em>-limonene exhibiting the lowest binding energy. The essential oil also exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging activity, highlighting its antioxidant potential. The results indicate that both concentration and incubation time affect the antioxidant capacity of the essential oil.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
*<\/strong>CORRESPONDENCE
\n<\/strong>Vesna Antunovi\u0107
\nvesna.antunovic@med.unibl.org<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ARTICLE HISTORY
\n<\/strong>Received: June 4, 2025
\nAccepted: July 4, 2025<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CITATION
\n<\/strong>Antunovi\u0107 V, Marjanovi\u0107 Balaban \u017d, \u0160mitran A, Gagi\u0107 \u017d, Kladar N, Gojkovi\u0107 Cvjetkovi\u0107 V. Lemon essential oil: molecular docking analysis and investigation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Croatian Journal of Food Science and Technology (2025) 17 (2) 1-12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/strong>C<\/strong>OPYRIGHT: <\/strong>\u00a9 2025 by the author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
KEYWORDS<\/strong><\/p>\n

essential oil; limonene; molecular docking; S<\/em>. aureus<\/em>; antioxidant activities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

KEY CONTRIBUTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

Providing a comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of lemon essential oil (LEO) extracted from fruit peel. Elucidate the potential mechanisms behind its antibacterial activities. Elucidate the potential mechanisms behind its antioxidant activities. By applying molecular docking to the major constituents, the work offers insight into their interactions with relevant biological targets. Potential use of LEO in pharmaceutical or food preservation applications based on the obtained results.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lemon essential oil: molecular docking analysis and investigation of antibacterial and antioxidant activities Vesna Antunovi\u01071*,\u017deljka Marjanovi\u0107 Balaban2,Aleksandra \u0160mitran3, \u017darko Gagi\u01071, Neboj\u0161a Kladar4, Vesna Gojkovi\u0107 Cvjetkovi\u01075 1University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Bulevar vojvode Petra Bojovi\u0107a 1A, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina 2University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Forestry, Bulevar vojvode … Op\u0161irnije<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nekategorizirano"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6072"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6082,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6072\/revisions\/6082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ptfos.unios.hr\/novicjfst\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}